Tapidaw Sangmangte ( Christian Missionaries )

Tapidaw Sangmangte ( Christian Missionaries )
A gelh ~ Dr. Vum Son

1. Mangkang kumpite’n gam hongluhgawp khit ciangin Tapidaw Sangmangte Zogam ah hong pai hi. Pasian thuphuak Sangmangte in India leh Kawlgam sungah nasem a, Hindu biakna a bia India mi leh Kawl mi, Muslim(Budha) mi tawmno khat bek tapidaw suaksak zo hi. Mualtung mite sungah a nasep zozaw uh hi. Banghang hiam cih leh amau pen biakna lianzaw a nasia deuhte in awlmawh lo uh hi. 1834 kumin Kawlgam khanglam Asho mikhat pen American Baptist Mission a’ dingin a masa pen Tapidaw suak masa ci-in ciamteh hi. Amaute in Kawlgam tawh gamgi mualtung gam, India leh Sen gamgi ah pai uh a, kum 1900 hunkhen sungin Zogam sung tunguh hi.

Amasa pen Pasian thupuak Rev. W. Williams, Welsh Calvanistic Church ahi hi. 1880 kum in Zogam nitumna khanglam gam khenkhat sungah pai hi. 1893 kumin Arthington Aborigines Mission sum tawh huhna a ngah Pasian’ thupuak siate F. W.Savidge leh J.H.Lorraine te Aizawl ah pai uh hi. 1894 kumin Zogam nitumna lamah pai uh hi. A tun masak kumte sungah zawhna mulo hi. Zopau kisin uh a, kum nih sungin Roman laimal zangin Zolai gelh ding pulak khia hi. Lai Siangtho khen pawlkhatte letkhia a, Lusei-English dictionary laibu khat bawlding kithawi hi. Tuni dong tua laibu ( Dictionary ) pen Zo kampau sin nading Zo-Mangkang laibu khatbek kimuthei hi. Lorraine leh Savidge te in koici sim, koici gelh ding cih mite tungah a hilhkhit ciangin, Mission Sang phuankhia hi. Tua ciangin Zomite in Lai Siangtho simthei uh a, Tapidaw biakna deihtak in hong kithehzak hi. Kum 4 sungin Pasian thuphuak sia nihte in mittang tawh zawhnate muthei hi. 1898 kum ciangin Mangkang(England) gamah amaute nih kisam kik hi. Banghang hiam cih leh Arthington in, Pasian thupuak nasep pen mi tawmnote tungah laisim hilh ding nasep hi a, amaute khat leh khat kihilhsawn thei ding, ci-in upna nei hi.

1898 kumin Welsh Presbyterian Sangmang Rev.D.E. Jones Zogam nitumna saklam hongtung hi. Lorraine leh Savidge nihte sangin a nasepna baihzaw hi. 1899 kumin khua minthang khempeuh ah hawhthei a, mi 20 te hong kikhel in Tapidaw hongsuak a, Pasian upna hong khangto hi. Mikang(British) kumpi gamuk uliante in sang pilna lam bucingtak in ki theisaklo uh ahih manin mite pilna piak nading pen Pasian thupuak Sangmangte khut sungah kinga hi. Amaute in a phattuamna, midangte ading a piansak theihna ding tupna leh ngimna tawh laisinna sanginn ah Duhlian kampau hilh hi. Hita leh zumlam tawh kisai kampau pen Bengali pau zang hi. Laisinna sanginn ah Pasian thugennate kihel ahih manin hun tawmno khat sungin Sangmangte in tapidaw laihilh sia, Pasian thuhilh sia tampi hongnei hi. Tuabek thamlo in, Sangmangte in zatui natna leh cidamna lam thusinnate zong hong patsak hi. Hih nasepdante hangin mi cidamlo tampite dawi thoihnate sangin hong cidam zaw uh hi. Tua ahih manin Innkuan tamoitak te’n cinate a kibawl theihna dingin tapidaw hong suak uh ciang Manlangtak in tapidaw biakna hong kizelhto a, 1940 kumin khuabup in tapidaw a suak khua zong om hi. Khua pawlkhatte ah Pasian thu-um mite bek tengsak hi. 1951 kum India gambup mipphazah simna sungah Mizo mi 196000 lakah 91% pen Tapidaw hi a, 29% in laisin, laigelh thei hi. Lushai mualtung ah Pasian thupuakte nasep zawhna ahang khat in, Pawlpite kipawlkhop theihna hang ahi hi. Khanglam Lushai Tapidawte leh Welsh Mission saklamte omzia kibang khat sungah kipawl uh hi. Pasian thuhilh sia kisinsak in khanglam saklam Lushai gam sungah a kibangin teeluh a, gam buppi sungah na semsak uh hi. Thuhilh siate a hunzui in khua khempeuh ah hawh uh hi. Thuneihna i huamsung a pawlpi kipawlna thu omdan kigen uh hi. Kumsim in Pawlpi makai khempeuh in kikhopna bawluh hi. Pawlpi kipawlkhopna sungah thu haksa, thu nawngkaite kikum in holim uh hi.

Rev. Arthur Carson pen 1899 kumin nisuahna Zogam ah American Baptist Mission pan a pai masa Sangmang ahi hi. Carson in mihingte kikhel nading haksatna tampi thuak hi. Amah in sum le pai zeksiamna lam pilna leh zatui tawh kisai theihna siamnate tawh mi pawlkhat a zawh dingin zang hi. Kum 5 sung na a sepkhit ciang 1904 kum tapidaw suak masa pa khat min ciamteh hi. Numeino khat a ci hongna a, dawi biakna bawltangin zatui tawh bawlzaw hi. Naupang hong cidamkim ciangin a nu a pate tapidaw hongsuak hi. Nitumna Zogam a Pasian thuhilh siate sep mah bangin Carson in Roman alphabet tawh Zolai gelh ding hilh hi. Lai Siangtho Thuciamthak pen Zo kampau( Zo dialects ) tawh hong tei, hong lekkhia hi. Adang Pasian thuhilh sia Rev. Cope 1908 kumin nisuahna Zogam ah hong pai hi.

Pasian thuhilhte in khamtung gambup huam ahih hangin Zogam nitumna lam a Counterparts tawh a kikim nasep zawhna ngah zolo hi. 1925 kum nisuahna gam a tunzawh kum 20 khit ciangin pasal 450 leh nupi 376 te tapidaw pawl min sungah ciaptehna min kikhum hi. Stevenson muhna tawh kizui in “Pasian thuhilh nasep haksatna a kipatna in, Zudawn khaamna leh mipi annekhawm, zunun gal-aih nate ahi hi. Mite in Sangmangte hong thusimlo uh a, kum 10 sungah mihon lakah 3% bang bek Pasian thu um mi hongsuak hi. 1962 kum Rev. Robert Johson ciaptehna tawh kizui-in Tuiphum tapidaw mi 38000 om hi.

Tapidaw nasep a zekaina thukhat in Pau Cin Hau biakna hong piankhiat hang hi. Pupa ngeinate pawlkhat kikhelsak ahih hang zudawnna, gal-aih sa-aihna, zu le sa nekkhopnate phalna pia ahih manin mite in nuamsa mahmah uh hi. Tedim gam sung Pau Cin Hau kilatna masa khuate ah a vekpi in Pau Cin Hau pawlmi suakuh hi.
Tua tawh kibangin R.C.M pawlpite Kawlgam suahtakna ngahkhit ciang nisuah Zogam ah hong pai hi. Tedim leh Zanniat gamah RCM pawlpi manlangtak in hong piang hi. Athu pen RCM biakna in Zu dawn a phal hang hithei kha ding hi. RCM pawlpi mi leh Tuiphum pawlpi miphazah 1970 kumsungin kikim hi.

Tuhun ciang nitumna lamah ateng Zomi miphazah a vekpi phialte Christian mi hikhin hi. Nisuahna lam Zomite nuntakna haksatna, sum le paai haksat nate hangin leitang tung pan ngahna, lemlawhna bawl hi. Sizang Tuiphum Tapidawte thumong lakna laibu tangzang sungah, “Khristian biakna hong hilh khit kum ( 83 ) sungin tapidaw mi 62.5% ki-om hi, ” ci-in ki ciamteh hi.

Pasian nasepna thu laisinna hangin Zomite khanglosak, phongkhia uh hi. Amaute in dawi biaknate in nakpitak in hun mawkbei ci-in mantak in theikhia uh hi. Pau Cin Hau biakna hong piankhiatna hangin Pupa ngeina tampi kikhel himah leh tua in a hoihlam tupna leh sepna, teenna mun omdan tawh kituahna om hi. Pasian nasepna sungah ahihdan a thak, biakna Pasian paaina thakkhat hong piang hi. Biakna tawh kisai a zek Hlimsang min kivawh hi. Tapidawte in Pupa ngeina tawh lasakna leh lamnate paikhia a, Hlimsangte in Pasian late sa-in biakinn sungah laam uh hi. Hlimsang biakpiakna pen gamsung mun khempeuh ah minthang mahmah hi.

Rev. Zairema hilhcianna sungah, khantoh thakhauh kikna pen Kha Siangtho nasepna hi, ci-in gen hi. Ama laigelhna, “Khua papite in ngabeng ding, zingsang ciang kuankhiat ding thukimna bawluh hi. Mipite ngabeng a kuanciang ngasa thah nading gunei singzung zanguh hi. Hici bang nasep ding ciangin pasal khat tungah a lamdang khat hong piang hi. Alawm te’n amah a cina in ngaihsun ahih manin inn ah ciahpih ding naupang pawlkhat sehkhia uh hi. Tapidaw pawlkhatte in tuapa thu ngetsak uh hi. A thunget kalsung in thu pawlkhat hong piang hi. Amaute kap, kiko, lamin lasa uh ahih man a ngasiah na thute mangngilh khin uh hi. Tua bang mihonpi tawh nga siahna pan a mat ngasate a kikim in hawmuh hi. Ahih hangin tapidaw a hilo a lawmte tawmkhat bek pia uh ahih man sang nuamlo uh hi. Amau khua a phawk ciangin a lawmte in nusia khin uh hi. A khamvalte zong ding kipan uh hi. Natna a piangsak thei gu zekai khinta hi. A puakzawhloh ngasa man ahih manin tel hawm dingin a lawmte kilehsak kik hi. Hih thu 8.4.1906 kumin piang hi.

A sawtlo in gamsung khempeuh ah khanlawhna in tuamcip hi. Mizote in lasak leh lamna pen pianpih ngeina in nei hi. Khanlawhna lathak te phuakuh a, baihtak a saktheih ding kisin uh hi. Lasak leh lamna pen minthang mahmah hi. Pasian thu, gupkhiatna thu, tangthu pha khenkhat te mi tawmkhat bek in simthei hi. Mi pawlkhat in a zakngeina thu te genkhia kik thei a, thunget lasaknate genkhia kik thei hi. Zan tawntung Pasian biaknate in amaute lungnopna tawh kidimsak hi. Khuabung khua, tapidaw kikhopna khat pen nitak nitum ciangin kipan uh hi. Biakna hanga mihon kikhopna sungah a kisa ziahziah pahtawina la, Pasian phatna la tawh nuamsa, thangah lua uh ahih manin nitak kikhol a asak Pasian phatna la dawngkhat pen zingsang dong sa in, nisuah ciangin khawlpan uh hi.

Lalthangliana 1975 kum in Kawlgam sunga, ateng Mizo Pasian thu um mite Pasian a updan amau hihna bangciat a khennate bawl hi. Thukhat ah, Tapidawte a pawlpawl a khenna, hangin tapidawte sungah kipumkhat theihlohna hong piang hi. Tapidawte in angvan tuamna neihna panin pawlsung mite kiguksak, kitawng, zumkong mangkong kitun, a lam biakinnpi luahnopna tawh kilemlohna hong piang hi. Mizo mite sungah tapidaw tampi kimu a, amaute in Lai Siangtho a tuam vilvel in simuh hi. Amaute in biakinn kah ding leh Lai Siangtho kikup dingin ahun tamzaw zanguh hi. A beitheilo na hoihlo khat ( sumguk nekna ) hangin biakna lam tawh kisai ki vuakgawpna khat Kalaymyo, Tahan ah 1962 kumin hong piang hi.
Tapidaw biakna tungtawn a ih ngah Khamuanna te’n minam khangto nailote tungah nasem dingin kipanta hi. Tuhun in biakinnte sungah mite khat le khat kikhawm diamdiam uh hi. Pasian thuhilh Sangmangte tung zongah lungdamna tawh kidim hi. Sangmangte in laigelh theihna leh simtheihna hoihzawknate hong pia hi. Nitumna lam Zogam ah 100% phial mite pen Tapidaw hi. Laigelh thei leh simthei 60% dektak om a, India gam sungah a sang penpen ahi hi. Tapidaw pawlpite in Kawlgam University a ( mizo ) sang naupang pawlkhat te scholarship pia hi. Zomi a tamzaw pilna siamna a ngahte in Tapidaw biakna nasep deihuh a, kiptak in semuh hi. Adang pupa ngeina a nei tapidawte kawmkal sung pam Cidamna lam thusinna ah midangte sangin mainawtna, hatzawkna neizaw uh hi.

Tapidaw khat hihna tawh, Zo khanglui lasak, zu le sa nekna dawnna tawh noptat nate pen kisiatna lampi hi, zuih nawnloh ding hi, ci-in theihna ahi hi. Zomi khat Tapidaw a suah ciang Zo ngeinate pan khawlna a neih leh tuabang gamtatnate ngawhtheihna in nei uh hi. Zo ngeina, pupa ngeina bangmah a theilo Zomi khat a dingin nuihzak huai hi. Ahih hangin hihthute pen a piangtakpi thute ahi hi. Zogam tapidaw kipawlna pen hong hoihkim a, hong bukim mahmah hi.

Zomi tapidawte’n Zo ngeina tawh kisai thute lak ahihkei leh tangpi tawh kisai kikhopna pawi bawlna lak ah kihel lo uh hi. Pupa ngeina pawite bawl ding, ngeina la sa ding, pupa late sakding zong ut lo uh hi. Pawlpi pawi ahi, Lungdam bawl, Kumthak leh Thawhkik pawi namthum tengbek bawluh hi. Tapidaw ahilo ngeina lui a zahtak, a thupi ngaihsutte omna munah gamdang kiim le paam ngeinate tawh khangto hi. Zomi khat in amah tapidaw gamtat siangthona tungtawnin a pianpih ngeinate lakkhiatsak hi.
Sangmangte in a nungzuite tungah zu dawnloh ding a gen tentanna hangin mi pawlkhatte tapidaw a suah ding ut taktaklo hitheikha ding hi. Zulupna pen a thupi mahmah pawlbawlna khat hi a, a thupitna pen zubeel a tam leh a tawm kilupna tawh kiteh hi. Nausuah pawibawlna, nupa kiteenna, dahna, misi vuina, lunggim a khakham paihna tuamtuam bawlnate sungah zu kidawn hi. Naungekte zuha tawh kivak a, tua tawh a khantoh nading leh thahatna dingin zozu kizang hi. Zu pen Zomite a dingin an nam tuamtuam lak pan pumpi thahatna dat tawh a kidim pen ahi hi. Zogam ah thahat theihna an piansakna tawmkhat bek om a, tua ciangin zudawn ding khamna in Pasian thupuakte a’ dingin a kiphasak, kiliansak nasep, upadi khat hong suak hi. Sangmangte pen bawngnawi a tamna gam, si leh a thahatsak annek tuidawn kicianna gam tuamtuam pan hong paite hi.

Zu pen tuhun ciangin niangteh leh Coffee tawh kilaihkhia a, tua in gilpi nasak thei hi. Bawngnawi cikhum, niangteh te mundang pan kilei a, Zomite a dingin sum le paai zeksiamna lamah haksatna hong piang hi. Zomite tapidaw hong suahkhit ciangin muhtheih ding teci khat hong om hi. Tua in, Zomite tapidaw a suahma khangnote sangin mihing tunsan na, meel omdan niamzaw hi. Amaute gam sungah Sangmangte in, amaute gamtat kampau, silh le teen, nek le dawn pilna siamna a khantoh nading phalna pia a, pupa ngeinate hoihtak in kem hi. Khanglui lam, lasakte a ngeina bangin zanguh hi. Ngeina tawh kisai khamna pen Sangmangte in Zomite tungah gamtatna pulak khiatna khat ahi hi.

Laigelh thei leh simtheite muhpakna ah a khatna huamta leh a pianzia hoih ding deihhuai zaw hi. Pasian thupuak siate in ahoihlam tupna leh sawmna tawh Pasian nasep nate ki thehzak ding ngaihsun zaw uh hi. Amai ngimna mun hoihtak a tangtun zawhna dingun mite nasep hoihnate a vek in ki theisak lo uh hi. Sang naupangte Pasian nasepna ah mainawt, khangto hita leh leitung a kikhelna dingin bangci nuntak, omzolai hiam cih theihna kisam uh hi.
Biakna pen a kibanglo tangpi nuntakna lam, a pianzia tuamtuam tengmah a kipawlkhop theih ding deihna bulpi ahi hi. Mangkangte hong ukna sungah Zomite pen India mite leh Kawlmite tawh a lompi in koih uh hi. Mi a tamzawte Hindu ahih kei leh Buddhist te hi. Mi a tawmzaw tapidawte sungah gamukna tawh kisai kilemloh nate mailam ah a piantheih nading bek kigingkhol uh hi. 1600-1700 AD hun sung hibang kinial, kilemloh nate teci theihcianna tampi kimu hi.

Source : Zo HistoryT